We've mentioned some of the Javaworld articles here before, and I think someone mailed the guy who was writing them - here now is his ultimate article - and he ends up describing something he calls `Active Objects' that look very much like JCSP/CJT threads to me communicating down buffered channels (although he calls them message queues). He makes some references to an Intel embedded OS called RMX (ca. 1979) as the seed. see http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-06-1999/jw-06-toolbox.html for the full article Jim --- Jim Moores, PhD Research Student, Computing Lab, University of Kent, UK. new email address: jimmoores@hotmail.com